Notes

• NOTE The following are consequence of the above definition:     a. collision stopping power: (electrons and positrons) average energy loss per unit pathlength due to inelastic Coulomb collisions with bound atomic electrons resulting in ionisation and excitation.     b. radiative stopping power: (electrons and positrons) average energy loss power unit pathlength due to emission of bremsstrahlung in the electric field of the atomic nucleus and of the atomic electrons.     c. electronic stopping power: (particles heavier than electrons) average energy loss per unit pathlength due to inelastic Coulomb collisions with atomic electrons resulting in ionisation and excitation.     d. nuclear stopping power: (particles heavier than electrons) average energy loss per unit pathlength due to inelastic and elastic Coulomb collisions with atomic nuclei in the material.